Which literary device refers to extreme exaggeration?

Hyperbole is a literary device characterized by extreme exaggeration that emphasizes a point or creates a dramatic effect. It is not meant to be taken literally but is used to convey strong emotions or to illustrate the intensity of a situation. For example, saying "I’m so hungry I could eat a horse" uses hyperbole to stress one's hunger in a vivid and impactful way.

In contrast, the other options represent different literary techniques. Personification gives human traits to non-human entities, adding depth and relatability to objects or concepts. Understatement downplays a situation or feeling, often for ironic or humorous effect, while oxymoron juxtaposes contradictory terms to create a new, insightful meaning. Understanding hyperbole's role in emphasizing points makes clear how it effectively engages readers and enriches literary works.