What term refers to a set of basic beliefs about life, culture, government, and society?

The term "ideology" is the most appropriate choice when referring to a set of basic beliefs about life, culture, government, and society. Ideologies are comprehensive systems of thought that encompass various aspects of human experience, including ethical, political, and social beliefs. They serve as guiding frameworks for interpreting the world and making decisions, often shaping the values and behaviors of groups and individuals.

In contrast, while "philosophy" pertains to a more systematic study of fundamental questions regarding existence and knowledge, it is broader and does not necessarily emphasize societal structures or beliefs as prominently as ideology. "Worldview" involves an individual's or group's comprehensive perspective of the world and their place within it but may be less formalized than ideology. "Paradigm" refers to a model or pattern, often within a scientific or academic context, which provides a framework for understanding specific phenomena rather than a comprehensive belief system about life and society.