What is a recurring symbol or motif in literature called?

A recurring symbol or motif in literature is referred to as a motif. This term specifically denotes elements that repeat throughout a literary work, contributing to the overall theme and enhancing the narrative by creating connections and emphasizing key ideas or concepts. Motifs can be images, sounds, actions, or other figures that have a symbolic significance or represent a particular idea throughout the text.

In contrast, a theme is a central idea or message conveyed in a work. An allegory is a narrative in which characters and events symbolize broader concepts or moral lessons. An archetype refers to the original model or pattern from which all things of the same kind are derived, often embodying typical character types, settings, or situations. While these terms may share some similarities with the concept of a motif, they each serve distinct functions within literary analysis.